Pehea ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano plastik?

I kēia mau lā, ʻo ka plastic kekahi o nā mea a mākou e hoʻohana nui ai i kēlā me kēia lā https://www.tgtextrusion.com/news/plastic-recycle-machine/lives. He ʻokoʻa loa ka hoʻohana ʻana a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea e hoʻopuka ai i ka nui o ka ʻōpala. ʻO kekahi mea i lilo i pilikia nui a hopohopo i ka pae honua.

Hoʻohana mākou iā ia a kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka noʻonoʻo hou ʻana i kāna hoʻohana ʻana, akā ʻike maoli mākou iā ia? Ma kēia ʻatikala, ʻike mākou i kekahi mau ʻano kumu o ka plastic.

Nā Code ʻokoʻa no ka Plastics
Aia i loko o nā ʻōmole, nā ipu, ka ʻōwili, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia ka plastik. Ma ka hana hou ʻana i nā plastics āu e hoʻohana ai i kēlā me kēia lā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou hopena i ke kaiapuni a kōkua i nā ʻoihana e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i hana like nā ʻano plastics a pau. ʻO ka helu i loko o ka hōʻailona hana hou ma nā ipu plastik, i ʻike ʻia he SPI Code, hāʻawi i ka nui o ka ʻike e pili ana i ka palekana a me ka biodegradability o kēlā me kēia ʻano plastik. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau code e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike pehea e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana hou ʻana. No ka ʻike wikiwiki, eia ka nānā wikiwiki ʻana i nā code like ʻole:

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE a i ʻole PET)

Polyethylene Kiekie (HDPE)

Polyvinyl Chloride (P a i ʻole PVC)

Polyethylene Haʻahaʻa Haʻahaʻa (LDPE)

Polypropylene (PP)

Polystyrene (PS)

Nā Pākīpika like ʻole

Ø PETE a i ʻole PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate): Hoʻohana mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1940, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā plastik PET i loko o nā hue inu, nā ipu meaʻai hiki ke palaho a me ka holoi waha. Manaʻo ʻia nā plastik PET maʻemaʻe he palekana, akā hiki ke komo i nā mea ʻala a me nā mea ʻono mai nā meaʻai a me nā wai i mālama ʻia i loko. Hiki iā lākou ke pilikia inā loaʻa i ka wela, e like me ka waiho ʻana o kahi hue wai i loko o kahi kaʻa wela. I ka wā lōʻihi, hiki i kēia ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻo Antimony i waho o ka plastic a i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia kēia mau palaka, a ʻae ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu hana hou iā lākou, no laila ua maʻalahi ke kiola pono ʻana iā lākou. Hoʻohana hou ʻia nā plastik PET i ke kāpeti, nā lako, a me nā fiber no nā lole hoʻoilo.

Ø HDPE (High Density Polyethylene): ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano plastik hou loa, ua hana mua ʻia ʻo HDPE i nā makahiki 1950 e Karl Ziegler lāua ʻo Erhard Holzkamp. ʻO HDPE ka plastic i hana hou ʻia a manaʻo ʻia he palekana no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka meaʻai e ka FDA. Ma muli o kona ʻano i loko, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o HDPE ma mua o PET, a hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia me ka palekana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā mea e mālama ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia paha ma waho, no ka mea, hana maikaʻi ia i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hau hau. He haʻahaʻa loa ka liʻiliʻi o nā huahana HDPE i nā meaʻai a i ʻole wai. E ʻike ʻoe i kēia plastik i loko o nā hue waiu, nā ipu yogurt, nā ipu huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā ʻōmole holoi kino a me nā huahana like. Nui nā mea pāʻani a nā keiki, nā noho paka, nā ipu kanu, a me nā paipu i hana ʻia mai HDPE. Hana ʻia ka HDPE hou i nā peni, ka lāʻau ʻilika, ka pā plastik, nā pākaukau pīniki a me nā ʻōmole.

Ø V a i ʻole PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride): Ua ʻike mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1838, ʻo ia kekahi o nā plastik kahiko loa. ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo Vinyl, PVC he plastik maʻamau e hoʻomaka i ka ʻoʻoleʻa, akā hiki ke maʻalahi ke hoʻohui ʻia nā plasticizers. Loaʻa i loko o nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē, ka uhi ʻai meaʻai, nā paipu paipu, nā tile, nā puka makani a me nā mea lapaʻau, ʻaʻole pinepine ka PVC i hana hou ʻia. Aia i loko o nā plastik PVC nā kemika ʻino i pili i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, me nā maʻi iwi a me nā ate a me nā pilikia ulu i nā keiki a me nā pēpē. E mālama i nā mea PVC mai nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu. Hoʻohana hou nā polokalamu kūikawā i ka PVC i ka papahele, ka paneling a me nā ʻauwaha alanui e inoa i kekahi.

Ø LDPE (Low-Density Polyethylene): Loaʻa i ka LDPE ke ʻano maʻalahi o nā plastic a pau, e maʻalahi ai ka hana ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻohana nui ʻia ai no nā ʻano ʻeke he nui. Loa'a ka LDPE i loko o nā mea o ka hale e like me ka pa'i'ilika, nā ipu mea'ai malo'o a me nā'ōmole hiki ke kōmi. Ke hoʻomaka nei nā papahana hana hou e ʻae i nā plastic LDPE, akā paʻakikī loa ka hana hou ʻana. Hana ʻia ka LDPE i hana hou ʻia i mau mea e like me nā kini ʻōpala, paneling, nā lako, ka papahele a me ka ʻōpala ʻōpala.

Ø PP (Polypropylene): Ua ʻike ʻia ma kahi hui ʻaila i ka makahiki 1951, paʻakikī, paʻa a hiki ke kū i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he plastik palekana, a ʻo ka hopena, loaʻa ia i loko o nā tupperware, nā ʻāpana kaʻa, nā ʻaʻahu wela, nā ipu yogurt, a me nā diapers hoʻopau. ʻOiai hiki ke hana hou ʻia, hoʻolei pinepine ʻia. Ke hana hou ʻia, hoʻololi ʻia ia i mau mea kaumaha e like me nā pallets, nā ʻili hau, nā rake a me nā uwea pākaukau. Nui nā polokalamu hana hou e ʻae iā PP.

Ø PS (Polystyrene): Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo PS, a i ʻole Styrofoam, ma Kelemania i ka makahiki 1839. He plastik hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi, loaʻa ʻo PS i loko o nā kīʻaha inu, insulation, nā mea hoʻopili, nā pahu hua manu a me nā mea ʻai meaʻai. He mea maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi e hana, a loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole palekana ia no ka mea kaulana ʻo Styrofoam no ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā kemika ʻino, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā i wela, a no ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hana hou ʻana. E like me ka PP, hoʻolei pinepine ʻia, ʻoiai e ʻae paha kekahi mau polokalamu hana hou. Hoʻohana hou ʻia ʻo PS i nā mea like ʻole me ka insulation, nā lako kula a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pā laikini.

Ø Nā Pākīpika ʻokoʻa: Hoʻohana ʻia ka code SPI 7 no nā plastics āpau ʻaʻole ʻāpana o nā ʻano ʻano 6 ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ua hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o nā mea kaulana e like me nā aniani, ka pahu kamepiula, nā nylon, nā disc compact a me nā ʻōmole pēpē, aia i loko o kēia mau plastics ka bisphenol A a i ʻole BPA. ʻAʻole wale lākou he pōʻino, akā paʻakikī loa kēia mau ʻano plastics i ka hana hou ʻana no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e wāwahi maʻalahi. Ke ʻae ʻia nā mea kanu hana hou, hoʻohana hou ʻia ʻo Plastic #7 i lāʻau plastik a me nā huahana kūikawā.

He aha ke ʻano o nā plastik hiki ke hana hou ʻia?
E like me ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi code e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā plastics ma muli o ko lākou ʻokoʻa i ka haku mele ʻana, a no laila, i nā kumu, aia nā ʻokoʻa i ka hiki ke hana hou i ka mea.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hoʻokahi ʻano, helu 7, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana hou. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mea i hana ʻia me nā mea paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale, ʻoi loa ka puaʻa a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia paha e nā kūlana lewa, ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka hana hou ʻana.

Aia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka maʻalahi o ka hana hou ʻana ma ke ʻano e hoʻokumu ai i ʻehā "label" ma kēia ʻano: "maʻalahi", "hiki", "paʻakikī" a "paʻakikī loa".

E puʻunaue ʻia nā ʻano plastik penei:

Maʻalahi: PET, HDPE

Hiki ke hiki: LDPE, PP

Paʻakikī: PS

Paʻakikī loa: PVC

E kūʻai mai i nā Mīkini Paʻa Paʻa Mai iā mākou
He mea koʻikoʻi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻilika i ka hana hou ʻana i nā plastik e like me polyethylene, polypropylene a me PVC. E ʻoluʻolu e ʻoluʻolu i kahi mīkini maikaʻi loa.